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["International Repatriation Listening Sessions Input","2016-08-02"]
["Focusing on the Repatriation of Tribal Cultural Heritage"]
[]
[]
["INPUT","TYPE"]
[]
["An international database is needed to facilitate direct communications between  tribes and foreign governments","COMMUNICATION"]
["Need to have mutually respectful protocols between foreign governments and tribes","COMMUNICATION"]
["We need to talk about the violation of cultural laws","COMMUNICATION"]
["A way is needed for tribes to interact with State Department and create protocols","COMMUNICATION"]
["Educate foreign governments about the importance of repatriation to tribes","COMMUNICATION"]
["Emphasize that objects have a purpose in a living culture","COMMUNICATION"]
["Federal legislation generally is based on relationships with the people and so communications are needed on Congressional and tribal values","COMMUNICATION"]
["Help is needed from US Embassies to assure that the right foreign officials are at the table on consultations","COMMUNICATION"]
["Help tribes communicate the importance of repatriation to foreign officials","COMMUNICATION"]
["Increase feelings for ancestors--change foreigner's mind-sets","COMMUNICATION"]
["It is best if individual members do not try to speak for the whole tribe","COMMUNICATION"]
["It is helpful for DOS to open doors for communications","COMMUNICATION"]
["Let us \"get the ball rolling, and keep it rolling\" on the matter of repatriation","COMMUNICATION"]
["Listening sessions are good to share experiences","COMMUNICATION"]
["Listening sessions are great for now","COMMUNICATION"]
["Procedurally, Federal agencies should continue to look to tribal governments to assure proper representation of cultural interests","COMMUNICATION"]
["Sacred objects need to be defined","COMMUNICATION"]
["The UN Ad Hoc WG should lobby within the UN system","COMMUNICATION"]
["There is a need for culturally sensitive protocols among national governments and indigenous peoples","COMMUNICATION"]
["There is a need to share knowledge about international repatriation among the tribes","COMMUNICATION"]
["Tribes don't know that Indian Affairs has resources to assist internationally","COMMUNICATION"]
["Tribes need to change foreign mind-sets.  Communicate the problems caused to tribes","COMMUNICATION"]
["Tribes should communicate how they have been treated historically and who they are today","COMMUNICATION"]
["Tribes should not have to guess about how to approach foreign governments","COMMUNICATION"]
["UN officials need to understand that repatriation is a priority to indigenous peoples","COMMUNICATION"]
["Use consultations to frame what is really important","COMMUNICATION"]
["When seminars are conducted, invitations should go to UNESCO, countries, museums, educators","COMMUNICATION"]
["Example of a tribal leader who was stunned by the presence of so many of his tribe's objects in one museum and the lack of prior communication about the holdings","EXAMPLE"]
["Example of dialog with Swedish officials about the repatriation of Masso Kova/Deer Head Sacred object; a living spirit","EXAMPLE"]
["Example of how the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is still in effect today, and is especially relative to repatriation","EXAMPLE"]
["Example of the Department of Justice urging the Department of the Interior to proceed differently with regard to legal obligations under [NAGPRA…NRD]","EXAMPLE"]
["Example of the difficulties of repatriating ancestors to and from Mexico with assistance from the Department of State","EXAMPLE"]
["Example of the tribal burden of coping with the repatriation of the skulls of 3 children from a museum and burial at the site of their deaths","EXAMPLE"]
["Example:  Affidavits have been used as evidence of inalienability of objects and their significance","EXAMPLE"]
["Example:  develop affidavits about the loss of objects and present to law enforcement officials","EXAMPLE"]
["Example:  Tribe uses its non-profit status to accept gifts of objects and gives receipts to donors for donor tax use","EXAMPLE"]
["Example:  tribes have used permanent missions to the UN to discuss specific repatriations","EXAMPLE"]
["Example: At least one tribe tries to monitor auction sites, particularly for Northwest Indians; informal communications to affected tribes","EXAMPLE"]
["Example: Give credit to those institutions who enabled exports, but now understand the need for repatriation","EXAMPLE"]
["Example: Museums should consider making long-term loans of objects not displayed.","EXAMPLE"]
["Example: See Grand Ronde for a model approach to training prosecutors and police on trafficking","EXAMPLE"]
["Example: Tribal people never took 100% ownership of anything.  An historical gravesite in Kamloops was respected by all of the tribes, but robbed by the three European peoples, because they saw them as gifts and offers.","EXAMPLE"]
["One example of the Relationship with the World is the right to fish--the right has been quantified, but the number is not the Relationship.  The Relationship is \"fishing--what tribes want to do\"","EXAMPLE"]
["17 UN countries want to work with the Ad Hoc Working Group to create a repatriation mechanism","FACT"]
["Ancestral remains can be misplaced in museum inventories","FACT"]
["Answers about why foreigners have an interest in objects will help us focus lawmaking","FACT"]
["ARPA has export restrictions","FACT"]
["As sovereign governments, tribes can also protect cultural heritage by enacting tribal laws","FACT"]
["Auctions are more urgent, because sales to anonymous buyers equals a tribal loss forever","FACT"]
["For some tribes, their historical territory spanned several US states and Canadian provinces","FACT"]
["Items went to museums, but it is not clear how to get them back","FACT"]
["Some objects cannot be used due to chemical treatment by museums","FACT"]
["The Ad Hoc Working Group on International Repatriation is an opportunity to communicate directly with UN officials","FACT"]
["The financial costs for repatriation are high","FACT"]
["The issue can be brought into the UN process through the UNDRIP","FACT"]
["The WCIP calls for the creation of repatriation mechanisms","FACT"]
["There are historical relationships with peoples of the Pacific Rim","FACT"]
["There are more than a million ancestral remains held in museums in the U.S.","FACT"]
["There is a new generation of museum managers who may cooperate on repatriation","FACT"]
["There is much black marketing and theft of cultural heritage in the Pacific Northwest today","FACT"]
["This is a public and private issue","FACT"]
["Tribes do not know where the ancestors are or how they got there","FACT"]
["Tribes do not know where their ancestors and cultural objects are abroad.","FACT"]
["Tribes want their ancestors back home","FACT"]
["UNESCO treaty authorities exist","FACT"]
["Access is needed to examine materials used.  Objects that include hair from their maker are sacred","NEED"]
["Best practices should be studied","NEED"]
["Create an investigative unit to help tribes find and repatriate","NEED"]
["Each tribe needs a place to repatriate to","NEED"]
["French ministers should tour Indian Country to learn why ancestors and objects are essential to cultural survival","NEED"]
["Gain respect for indigenous peoples' relationship to ancestors and objects","NEED"]
["Ideas are needed on best practices","NEED"]
["Ideas are needed on repatriation","NEED"]
["Improve import and export protections","NEED"]
["Indigenous Peoples need repatriation models","NEED"]
["There is a need for a list of countries that hold indigenous cultural heritage, as well disclosure of inventories","NEED"]
["There is a need for legal frameworks","NEED"]
["There is not enough tribal consultation, especially when access is denied","NEED"]
["Tribal authorities should have a right to access remains and objects, and a right to offer songs and prayers.","NEED"]
["Tribes need a better understanding of how museums think","NEED"]
["Tribes need help with the costs of repatriation, including grants and cash loans","NEED"]
["Tribes need the power of the USG to protect them from further spiritual harm","NEED"]
["Tribes need to be able to speak directly to foreign governments","NEED"]
["Tribes need to hear examples of successful repatriations","NEED"]
["Tribes should be afforded museum loans to study designs and materials","NEED"]
["Tribes will need help researching in the future","NEED"]
["We need an international mechanism for repatriation","NEED"]
["Access is needed to sing and pray to the spirits that are with the objects, even if the objects cannot be released","PRINCIPLE"]
["Accidents and illness can result from the possession of sacred objects","PRINCIPLE"]
["Ancestors communicate with those persons trained in recovery","PRINCIPLE"]
["Consultations on this topic are needed.","PRINCIPLE"]
["Due to tribes' spiritual connection to the whole world, they are all impacted by tragedies","PRINCIPLE"]
["Every object may need to be treated differently, even in the same tribe","PRINCIPLE"]
["Every tribe is different and each have their own ceremonies associated with sacred objects","PRINCIPLE"]
["Inalienability of objects means it is impossible for someone outside of the tribe to possess objects and so it is impossible for a non-tribal member to assert ownership","PRINCIPLE"]
["International repatriation effects every tribe","PRINCIPLE"]
["Laws can show the way to be respectful and how to implement the objective","PRINCIPLE"]
["Museum experts are not qualified to tell tribes what objects are sacred. ","PRINCIPLE"]
["Museum loans are a way to enhance tribal cultural practices today","PRINCIPLE"]
["Objects are not physical property","PRINCIPLE"]
["Objects associated with human remains should be repatriated at the same time","PRINCIPLE"]
["Objects cannot be compensated for by money","PRINCIPLE"]
["Objects made by ancestors have special meaning to current and future generations","PRINCIPLE"]
["Positions of power come from traditional knowledge, especially to build the future","PRINCIPLE"]
["Practitioner societies cry and bleed for the ancestors","PRINCIPLE"]
["Protection of ancestors and their items is a part of tribal survival","PRINCIPLE"]
["Real persons should never be displayed","PRINCIPLE"]
["Remains of Ancestors and their objects are one--inseparable and are to be reinterred together ","PRINCIPLE"]
["Sacred objects continue to be created","PRINCIPLE"]
["Some objects were hidden in special places never to be seen or touched again","PRINCIPLE"]
["Some repatriation practices could be harmful to present-day tribal communities","PRINCIPLE"]
["The human spirit helps bridge the gaps between peoples","PRINCIPLE"]
["The only experts of sacred objects are tribal practitioners","PRINCIPLE"]
["The relationship with the World is part of the tribal continuum ","PRINCIPLE"]
["The spirit world is real in tribal cultures","PRINCIPLE"]
["The spirts with the objects can cause bad things to happen","PRINCIPLE"]
["The USG has a responsibility to maintain a relationship with Indian peoples","PRINCIPLE"]
["The USG should work only with tribal governments to coordinate repatriation--actions of individuals can be counterproductive","PRINCIPLE"]
["The words of the UNDRIP are correct as to repatriation","PRINCIPLE"]
["There is a relationship with ancestors and cultural items; they are not property","PRINCIPLE"]
["There is a spiritual relationship with each object--each object is alive","PRINCIPLE"]
["There is a thin veil between the living and the ancestors","PRINCIPLE"]
["There needs to be appreciation for the importance of tribal ownership over individual ownership","PRINCIPLE"]
["There should be no exchanges in return for the repatriation of ancestors","PRINCIPLE"]
["This issue is real for tribes and changes are needed","PRINCIPLE"]
["Treaties reflect what the treaty-makers wanted in their relationship with the natural world, for example their ancestors, water, trees, etc.","PRINCIPLE"]
["Tribal culture communicates with the spirit world","PRINCIPLE"]
["Tribal cultures are not static","PRINCIPLE"]
["Tribal governments are voices for their people","PRINCIPLE"]
["Tribal governments articulate the legal positions about repatriation","PRINCIPLE"]
["Tribal practitioners of repatriation undergo extensive training to prepare for repatriation, particularly due to the sensitivities and spiritual interaction.","PRINCIPLE"]
["Tribal religion is based in the old world (prior to first contact)","PRINCIPLE"]
["Tribes have customary rules for repatriation","PRINCIPLE"]
["Tribes have spiritual rights to their ancestors and need legal rights to access and repatriate the ancestors","PRINCIPLE"]
["Tribes need access to as much of their cultural heritage as possible in order for the tribal cultures to carry on","PRINCIPLE"]
["Tribes want their relationship with the World","PRINCIPLE"]
["Tribes, as humans, adapt, but their relationship is with the land.","PRINCIPLE"]
["Are the only people subject to NAGPRA those who receive federal funds?","QUESTION"]
["Can lands can be acquired for proper repatriation to the homeland?","QUESTION"]
["Can the USG attach a condition on foreign aid requiring repatriation from foreign museums.","QUESTION"]
["Can USG suggest boilerplate elements of affidavits?","QUESTION"]
["Is a federal law possible that would treat sacred objects the same as endangered species, especially including forfeiture?","QUESTION"]
["Is there a federal law that bans possession of \"national treasures\"?  Is this a model about possession?  That only governments own such items?","QUESTION"]
["What federal law bans the possession of eagle parts?  Is this a model about possession?","QUESTION"]
["Why are individuals allowed to keep foreign objects, even though it is illegal in the country of origin (e.g. Mexico)","QUESTION"]
["Why are the French interested in sacred objects?  Is it for the money?","QUESTION"]
["Why move on to EMRIP when UNDRIP is not in place yet?","QUESTION"]
["500 years of Indians trusting non-Indians has hurt Indian peoples","VIEW"]
["70% of Americans believe in life after death","VIEW"]
["ACHP should be included in the USG repatriation effort","VIEW"]
["An international database sounds interesting","VIEW"]
["Auction houses knowledge of tribes and friendship with tribes is good for business","VIEW"]
["Auction houses should understand that selling sacred objects is \"bad for business\"","VIEW"]
["Caution that calls for repatriation could result in holders having an increasing interest to retain objects","VIEW"]
["Civil rights and human rights were once aspirational.  Now they need to be grown into laws","VIEW"]
["Countries have tried to control Indians for centuries","VIEW"]
["Countries have tried to prove that they are right for centuries","VIEW"]
["Expand the UN EMRIP","VIEW"]
["It is impossible for a museum expert of Native American descent to know even their own tribe's sacred objects without being a practitioner in the culture","VIEW"]
["It is irksome that museums have objects that they will never exhibit--being just stuff to them, but not to Indigenous Peoples","VIEW"]
["It seems collections were made on the erroneous assumption that one day the indigenous peoples would be gone","VIEW"]
["Kennewick Man is an example of proof of linkage to the tribes","VIEW"]
["Many ways to address the issues","VIEW"]
["NAGPRA does not cover private markets","VIEW"]
["Put more than ink to paper, take tribes' hand","VIEW"]
["Repatriation is a big problem to be addressed","VIEW"]
["The Department of State's political and public diplomacy approaches are welcomed when coordinated with tribes","VIEW"]
["The Relationship needs to be dealt with legally and through diplomacy","VIEW"]
["The UN needs to recognize the sovereign status of tribes","VIEW"]
["The USG has lost sight of consultation on repatriation","VIEW"]
["The USG has the power to create an international database that lists the location of ancestors and cultural items (held by national governments).","VIEW"]
["The USG needs to help protect the relationship of the tribes to the World","VIEW"]
["The USG needs to rethink what the internal relationship is with treaty peoples","VIEW"]
["The USG should use all of the \"vehicles\" available to help tribes with repatriation","VIEW"]
["There are many ideas to be considered when approaching repatriation","VIEW"]
["There is a role for DOI Indian Affairs to help with foreign affairs communications","VIEW"]
["Treaties bind parties and all people are parties","VIEW"]
["Tribes are overwhelmed by the exposure of ancestors and their items.","VIEW"]
["Tribes need the legal capacity to help themselves","VIEW"]
["USG needs to wake up and realize there is exporting","VIEW"]
["When items of cultural heritage were collected in the past, it may have been on the assumption that Indian people would disappear","VIEW"]

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